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Overview
The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates — Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, and Fujairah — situated on the southeastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula. Each emirate has its own character, from the federal capital Abu Dhabi's cultural institutions and grand mosques to Dubai's record-breaking architecture and global commerce. Together they draw tens of millions of visitors annually.
The country occupies a striking geography: the flat, oil-rich coastal plains along the Arabian Gulf give way inland to dramatic red sand dunes, salt flats, and — in the east — the rugged Hajar Mountains that border Oman. The Gulf of Oman coastline along Fujairah adds a further dimension rarely associated with the UAE in popular imagination.
Despite its rapid modernization over the past five decades, the UAE retains a visible connection to its Bedouin and maritime heritage. Traditional souks, falconry, camel racing, and pearl-diving history coexist with some of the world's tallest buildings and most ambitious infrastructure projects. Travelers who look beyond the headline attractions typically find a layered and genuinely interesting destination.
Before You Go
Visas
Entry requirements vary significantly by nationality, and rules can change. Check TravelerPulse's Visas section for guidance specific to your passport, and always verify current requirements with the UAE's Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs & Port Security (ICP) or your nearest UAE embassy before traveling.
Health
No routine vaccinations are mandatory for most travelers, but standard travel health precautions apply. Tap water in cities is generally treated but many residents and visitors prefer bottled water. The summer heat (June–September) is intense, with temperatures regularly exceeding 40 °C, and heat-related illness is a genuine risk for those unaccustomed to such conditions. Pharmacies are widespread in urban areas. Verify any prescription medications with UAE customs regulations before travel, as some common drugs are controlled substances locally.
What to pack
- Lightweight, breathable clothing for outdoors; modest attire for visiting mosques, government buildings, and traditional areas
- A layer for heavily air-conditioned malls, restaurants, and transport
- High-SPF sunscreen and sunglasses year-round
- Comfortable walking shoes; sandals for beaches
Money
ATMs are readily available across all major cities and towns. Credit and debit cards are accepted at most hotels, restaurants, and retailers, though some smaller souks and market stalls prefer cash. Currency exchange offices (often better rates than airport counters) are found in most shopping areas.
Getting There
By Air
The UAE is one of the world's most connected aviation hubs. Dubai International Airport (DXB) is among the busiest airports on earth by international passenger volume and is served by hundreds of airlines. Abu Dhabi International Airport (AUH) is the home hub of Etihad Airways and offers extensive international routes. Sharjah International Airport (SHJ) serves as a hub for Air Arabia and handles significant budget carrier traffic. Ras Al Khaimah International Airport (RKT) has expanded its international connections in recent years.
By Sea
Dubai and Abu Dhabi are major cruise ship ports of call in the region, with dedicated cruise terminals. Ferry services connect parts of the UAE with Musandam (Oman) — verify current schedules and operators locally or through your travel agent.
By Land
The UAE shares land borders with Saudi Arabia and Oman. Road crossings are used by both residents and visitors; ensure your rental vehicle insurance and visa documentation are valid for cross-border travel before departing.
Getting Around
Within and Between Emirates
The UAE has an excellent road network and driving between emirates is straightforward. Highways are modern and well-maintained, and most distances are manageable: the drive from Dubai to Abu Dhabi takes roughly 90 minutes under normal traffic conditions. Salik toll gates operate on key Dubai roads — verify current toll arrangements if renting a car.
Public Transport
Dubai has the most developed public transport system, centered on the Dubai Metro (two main lines), public buses, and water taxis (Abra) across the Creek. Abu Dhabi has an expanding bus network. Inter-emirate bus services operated by various authorities connect major cities; verify routes and timetables with local transport authorities or at main bus stations.
Taxis and Ride-Hailing
Metered taxis are plentiful in Dubai and Abu Dhabi and are generally considered safe and reliable. Ride-hailing apps are operational and widely used across the country. Uber and Careem both operate in the UAE — verify current availability in your specific emirate.
Car Rental
Renting a car is a practical option for exploring beyond city centers, particularly for visiting the east coast, desert areas, and smaller emirates. An international driving permit is recommended alongside your home-country license, though requirements can vary — confirm with your rental company.
Things to See & Do
Abu Dhabi
- Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque: One of the largest mosques in the world and a genuine architectural achievement; open to non-Muslim visitors outside prayer times — verify opening hours before visiting.
- Louvre Abu Dhabi: A universal museum on Saadiyat Island with a remarkable collection spanning world civilizations, housed under an iconic perforated dome.
- Qasr Al Hosn: The oldest stone building in Abu Dhabi, with a heritage museum tracing the emirate's history.
- Yas Island: Home to a Formula 1 circuit, theme parks, and a waterpark — families should verify current attraction lineups and admission fees.
Dubai
- Burj Khalifa: The world's tallest building offers observation decks with sweeping city and desert views; advance booking is strongly recommended.
- Dubai Creek and Al Fahidi Historical Neighbourhood: The old heart of the city, with wind-tower architecture, the Gold Souk, and Spice Souk within walking distance.
- Dubai Museum of the Future: An architecturally striking building hosting rotating immersive exhibitions about emerging technology and futures thinking.
- Desert Safari: Half-day or full-day guided excursions into the dunes east of the city are widely available and remain one of the country's most memorable experiences.
Other Emirates
- Sharjah: The UAE's designated Cultural Capital has an impressive cluster of museums around Heritage Area and Arts Square, and a different pace from Dubai.
- Fujairah and the East Coast: Coral reefs, fjord-like inlets at Khor Fakkan, and the centuries-old Fujairah Fort offer a quieter, nature-focused alternative.
- Ras Al Khaimah: Jebel Jais, the UAE's highest peak, offers hiking trails and the world's longest zipline (verify current operations locally).
- Al Ain (Abu Dhabi emirate): A UNESCO World Heritage oasis city with ancient falaj irrigation systems, a historic fort, and a well-regarded zoo.
Food & Drink
The UAE's food scene reflects its cosmopolitan population. Emirati cuisine — which incorporates rice, slow-cooked lamb and chicken, dried fish, dates, and aromatic spices — is the foundation, but the country has cuisine from across South Asia, the Levant, East Africa, Southeast Asia, Europe, and beyond available at every price point.
Emirati Dishes Worth Seeking
- Harees: Slow-cooked wheat and meat, commonly served during Ramadan and celebrations
- Machboos (Kabsa): Spiced rice with meat or fish, considered a national staple
- Luqaimat: Deep-fried dough balls drizzled with date syrup and sesame, sold by street vendors
- Camel milk: Available in coffee shops and specialty cafes; a genuinely local experience
Alcohol
Alcohol is available in licensed hotels, restaurants, and some dedicated bottle shops in most emirates, but rules differ across the federation — it is more restricted in Sharjah, for example. Travelers should be aware that public intoxication is illegal and taken seriously.
Ramadan
During the holy month, eating, drinking, and smoking in public during daylight hours is prohibited by law for all people in the country, regardless of religion. Most restaurants open in the evening. Travelers should plan accordingly and approach the period with respect.
Shopping
The UAE — and Dubai in particular — has cultivated a global reputation as a shopping destination. Large, air-conditioned malls are the dominant retail format, with some (such as Dubai Mall and Mall of the Emirates) being attractions in their own right given the leisure facilities they incorporate. Luxury brands, electronics, and gold are commonly purchased here, though prices are not always lower than in visitors' home countries; compare carefully.
For more traditional purchases, the Gold Souk and Dhan Souk (Perfume Souk) in Dubai's Deira neighborhood offer an authentic souk experience where bargaining is expected. Sharjah's souks and Abu Dhabi's Heritage Village market offer craft goods, carpets, and regional products in a less commercialized setting.
Duty-free shopping at UAE airports — particularly at Dubai International — is extensive, though again, check prices against your home country before assuming a bargain. The UAE does not levy a general sales tax on most goods in the traditional sense, though VAT at a standard rate is applied to most retail transactions — verify the current rate as it can change.
Practical Information
Emergency Numbers
Verify current emergency numbers locally upon arrival. The general police emergency number for the UAE has historically been 999; ambulance and civil defense numbers should be confirmed with your hotel or official local sources.
Electricity
The UAE uses Type G plugs (the same three-pin rectangular type used in the UK) at 220–240V. Travelers from North America and some other regions will need both an adapter and a voltage converter for certain appliances.
Connectivity
Mobile coverage is excellent across the country, including major highways and most populated areas. Short-term SIM cards for tourists are available at airports and telecom stores from the two main operators (Etisalat, now branded as e&, and du). Note that some VoIP services are restricted in the UAE — verify which applications work before relying on them for calls.
Laws Travelers Should Know
- Possession, use, or trafficking of drugs carries severe penalties including long prison sentences
- Offensive content posted on social media, including content deemed critical of UAE authorities or individuals, can result in prosecution under cybercrime laws
- Crossing roads other than at designated crossings, known locally as jaywalking, carries fines in some areas
- All travelers should familiarize themselves with what they can and cannot bring into the country; customs regulations are strictly enforced
Safety
The UAE is generally considered one of the safer countries in the region for travelers. Violent crime is uncommon and the country invests heavily in policing and public security infrastructure. Solo travelers, including women, frequently report feeling safe in major urban areas, though standard vigilance in crowded markets and tourist areas is always advisable.
The most significant safety considerations are environmental and legal rather than criminal. Summer heat poses a serious health risk for the unprepared — heat stroke can develop rapidly, and outdoor activities during peak afternoon hours in July and August are not advisable. Sandstorms (shamal winds) can reduce visibility significantly on roads and at airports; monitor local weather reports if traveling by road during summer months.
Road safety is a genuine concern. Highways carry fast-moving traffic and the rate of road accidents has historically been elevated by regional standards. Defensive driving and strict seatbelt use are strongly advised. Pedestrians should exercise caution at intersections even where crossings are marked.
For the latest travel advisories, consult your own government's official foreign travel advice service before and during your trip.
Local Culture & Etiquette
The UAE is an Islamic country, and Islamic values and customs shape public life even as the country is internationally oriented and accustomed to diverse visitors. Travelers who demonstrate basic cultural awareness are generally welcomed warmly.
Dress and Behavior
Modest dress is appropriate in public spaces, particularly in older neighborhoods, markets, government buildings, and places of worship. Swimwear is generally acceptable at beaches and hotel pools. Public displays of affection beyond hand-holding are considered inappropriate and can draw unwanted attention or, in extreme cases, legal concern. Loud or rowdy behavior in public is frowned upon.
Photography
Photographing people — especially women and Emirati nationals — without explicit permission is considered disrespectful and can cause genuine offense. Photographing government buildings, military installations, and certain infrastructure is prohibited. When in doubt, ask or refrain.
Friday
Friday is the primary holy day of the week. Many businesses, government offices, and attractions operate on reduced or shifted hours, particularly during Friday prayers around midday. Schedules in the UAE have shifted in recent years (the official weekend was changed to Saturday–Sunday for federal entities in 2022), so verify current operating patterns for any specific attraction or service you plan to use.
Falconry and Traditional Crafts
Falconry is a living tradition in the UAE and was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list. Visitors interested in Emirati culture will find falconry demonstrations and dedicated souks (falconry markets) in Abu Dhabi and other emirates.
